Dr. Edwin Vieira’s Amazing Crystal Ball, 2006
By Larry Doyle on March 25, 2009 at 8:00 AM in Banking Institutions, Economy, Global Finance, Obama Administration, Sense on Cents (Larry Doyle blog), Unemployment, Wall Street
I will admit that I am not a student of the Great Depression, but I have started reviewing that period. Obviously I, like every American, hope our economy stabilizes and we regain our footing and return to prosperity. While the pragmatic optimist in me believes that can happen, the trader and risk manager in me tells me to review the Depression, understand the dynamics, assess the risks of our current period, and prepare accordingly.
I hope and believe people who have been reading my work for a while appreciate that I am not an alarmist. Whether working on Wall Street as a trader and salesman or now writing for Sense on Cents, a measured, analytical approach has always generated the best results. In that vein, I discount speculators and salesmen who attempt to make a buck from heightened levels of anxiety. That said, the elevated levels of risk in our economy, markets, and global finance require an equally elevated sense of risk analysis and historical analysis.
Given some of the economic saber rattling emanating from China and the lessened fiscal support emanating from Europe, the threats of global protectionism are clearly growing. That scenario also occurred during the Depression.
I plan to continue reviewing The Great Depression in the days and weeks ahead. As with any analysis, I am always leery of the source of information. To that end, I read material today from Dr. Edwin Vieira. Here is his bio:
Edwin Vieira, Jr., holds four degrees from Harvard: A.B. (Harvard College), A.M. and Ph.D. (Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences), and J.D. (Harvard Law School).
For more than thirty years he has practiced law, with emphasis on constitutional issues. In the Supreme Court of the United States he successfully argued or briefed the cases leading to the landmark decisions Abood v. Detroit Board of Education, Chicago Teachers Union v. Hudson, and Communications Workers of America v. Beck, which established constitutional and statutory limitations on the uses to which labor unions, in both the private and the public sectors, may apply fees extracted from nonunion workers as a condition of their employment.
I will not blindly accept his bio, but he strikes me as a very credible source. In reading separate research today, I became aware that our government under FDR seized gold and silver holdings of the American populace during The Great Depression. I will admit that I was totally unaware of that phenomena. It has caused me to ponder if a similar situation could possibly occur in our current scenario.
I’ll admit that I am startled by the depth and prescient nature of Vieira’s message and the timing of it. Vieira’s piece, A New Gold Seizure: Possibility or Paranoia was written on March 2, 2006. Here is an excerpt:
In short, a new gold and silver seizure would be conducted on the scale and with the ferocity of a veritable war of financial terror directed against every common American. For, indeed, the life or death of the bankers and their political puppets would be at stake as they never really were in the 1930s. After all, under the economic conditions of the 1930s the Federal Reserve System could probably have survived a relatively short-term “suspension of specie payments” without a gold seizure, if Roosevelt had not imposed the crackpot economic nostrums of his New Deal upon the country, prolonging the Depression until World War II. In a future crisis, however, unless the bankers and their political cronies could quickly “stabilize” the System by creating a new currency with some genuine economic and especially political credibility, the whole rotten pyramid of banking-cum-political power might collapse overnight from its elephantiasis of public and private debt, with disastrous consequences for the Establishment.
In keeping with its true nature, any future seizure of gold and silver would undoubtedly be labelled a “war measure” (albeit, of course, without identifying the American people as the politicians’ and bankers’ real enemies). To ape the precedent of the 1930s, and to lend the seizure a contemporary legal veneer, such a characterization would be necessary. In 1933, Roosevelt began the sequence of events that culminated in the original gold seizure by “freezing” all gold in the banks, under color of the Trading with the Enemy Act–a “war measure” from World War I quite inapplicable in peacetime, but which Congress immediately amended to whitewash Roosevelt’s usurpation of power. Today, the applicable statute provides that
[d]uring the time of war, the President may * * * investigate, regulate, or prohibit, any transactions in foreign exchange, transfers of credit or payments between, by, through, or to any banking institution, and the importing, exporting, hoarding, melting, or earmarking of gold or silver coin or bullion, currency or securities * * *.
Title 12, United States Code, section 95a(1)(A). That the President may exercise these powers only “[d]uring the time of war” also applied under the Trading with the Enemy Act; but that meant nothing to Roosevelt, who successfully pretended to employ that Act in time of peace. And it would probably not deter any future President, either, from twisting the present statute to his malign purposes whenever the Establishment demanded it.
Moreover, the limitation would not be hard to finesse, rhetorically at least, inasmuch as all too many Americans have become used to being told–and apparently to believing–that their country is at “war,” even without a declaration of “War” that the Constitution requires under Article I, Section 8, Clause 11. So, what the Establishment obviously intends to be a never-ending “war on terror” would surely be held to qualify as “[d]uring the time of war,” especially if a monetary and banking crisis arose coincidentally with a widespread use of gold and silver by Muslims as their media of exchange.
Yet, if a seizure of gold and silver could–and in a dire financial crisis probably would–be undertaken to save the Establishment’s bacon, with what likelihood would it succeed, even to the limited degree that Roosevelt’s gold seizure succeeded in the 1930s?
Unfortunately, the likelihood is not insignificant. The occasion for a seizure would be a monetary and banking crisis so severe that it threatened the continued existence of the Federal Reserve System, the solvency of the Treasury, and even the functioning of the entire domestic economy. In such a situation, a nationwide financial panic would ensue, probably worse than anything experienced during the 1930s. Unlike the 1930s, though, when millions of Americans possessed gold or silver coins and were familiar with the sound money that regularly passed from hand to hand as wages and salaries, and in the consumer economy, today relatively few Americans hold monetary gold or silver in any form, or understand anything at all about money and banking. So without personal experience, knowing nothing relevant to the problem facing them, and unable to evaluate the situation critically, in a severe crisis many Americans would likely believe anything they were told by public officials and the big media–especially if these sources of propaganda, misinformation, and disinformation emphasized that their prescriptions were the only way to restore the economic stability masses of people desperately desired.
Doubtlessly, too, politicians, the big media, and other of the Establishment’s mouthpieces would employ their tried and true “divide-and-conquer” strategy, to turn Americans against one another. In the run-up to a seizure of gold and silver, public officials and the media, following in the cloven hoofprints Roosevelt laid down during the 1930s, would broadcast hysterical attacks against “hoarders”–that is, individuals who wanted to retain their own gold and silver as private property. Inasmuch as in a financial crisis those Americans who had shown the foresight to acquire silver and gold would be better off than those who had not, such political defamation would play on envy, greed, and other vicious emotions to divert the attention of the unfortunate many from the people who had actually caused their misfortune to their innocent, but less unfortunate neighbors. Americans who possessed gold and silver would quickly be demonized as “unpatriotic” if they dared to keep their property for themselves, when public officials and bankers needed it to “stabilize” the monetary and banking systems, restore credit, create jobs, et cetera. Suffering the fate typical of unpopular messengers who bring bad news, those holders of gold and silver who had openly criticized the Federal Reserve System, had spoken up for the restoration of constitutional money, or had predicted a monetary and banking crisis as the inevitable consequence of the politicians’ and bankers’ fallacious policies would be branded dangerous “extremists.”
I will be looking into this topic further. In the meantime, please share your thoughts and comments.
LD









































This is too true.
My Great Grandfather owned several businesses, and acres of land (hundreds) in Northeast Philadelphia. He was ruined by the stock market failure and the government’s seizure of his metals…after he had his pocket picked by the government, they levied heavy taxes on his land holdings , that he could not pay…they seized all of his property and left my Great Grandparents paupers.
Great Grand Pop lost everything and died leaving my Grandfather to take care of his mother in a tiny home by the Tacony Palmyra Bridge until her death. My Grandfather went to work in the remaining factory, and my father also took up factory work, and started his own business in the 60s.
It resulted in my father’s family hating Roosevelt and being staunch Republicans for the past 2 generations.
I have nothing but sympathy for my Great Grandfather….
So the Democrats were crooks and thiefs even way back then, eh? Amazing how they keep getting away with looting the citizenry. I think it’s time for a change. A real change.
“Doubtlessly, too, politicians, the big media, and other of the Establishment’s mouthpieces would employ their tried and true “divide-and-conquer” strategy, to turn Americans against one another.”
Most Americans probably fall somewhere in the middle of the political spectrum: center, center left or center right (and most are pretty tolerant regardless of their political and religious views). Yet, the media so often seems to showcase those with extreme views. Perhaps the hysteria regarding the AIG bonuses and confiscatory tax which was passed by the hypocritical pitch fork wielding mob in the House are a prelude of things to come.
This is what I’m afraid of, Sammie. That what we witnessed last week–the AIG hysteria, the gleeful house passing a 90% tax on bonuses, the WH suggesting that the government has the right to dictate compensation in private companies [even those that have no connection to bailouts], etc.,etc–is merely a prelude, a dress rehearsal of things to come. We’re already witnessing a deliberate splintering of Americans with this insane class division speak, suggestions that free speech needs to be muzzled and 2nd amendment rights under a full frontal attack.
The economic crisis and the public’s growing fear is a perfect cover for the Government to usurp basic Constitutional protections.
These are dangerous times. And I, unfortunately, have no confidence or faith in the people running the show. We need to stay wide awake!
You’ve got that right about the AIG bonuses hysteria. Here is an author who created a visual representation of the amount of bonuses versus the amount of bailout money: http://www.americasright.com/2009/03/aig-diversion.html
The bonuses are nothing–they are diversionary and/or meant to instill in the public a feeling of solidarity with our government. After all, ‘they’ are the only entity that can solve our problems, right? (wrong)
G & G’s house and barn burned down to the ground during that time.
They couldn’t buy a bucket to milk the cow cuz there were no buckets to buy.
Excellent LD, and thanks for undertaking the review.
I knew that FDR had seized gold, and also have read that many people refused to respond to the demands and hid their gold [that might be more difficult today, given technological advances, but I don't know].
But here’s the thing that is disturbing.
The demonization of people who buy or own gold has already begun; powerful interests, indeed, the Governor of Missouri, have already begun to demonize those who “own gold” in this country. Recently, one organization in Missouri issued a security report demonizing Ron Paul, Chuck Baldwin, Bob Barr and Libertarians, people who own gold, people who fly American flags, and those who are strongly pro-2nd Amendment as “anti-American” and “terrorists.”
Don’t think this is a reality? The Governor of Missouri and the organization which issued this report have now had to apologize to Bob Barr, Ron Paul and Chuck Baldwin publicly, after the three men jointly issue a threat of legal action against them.
But, Americans who are Libertarians, and who might have supported these candidates, or who fit the profile this group and their governor have identified–i.e., those who buy gold; those who fly American flags; those who are strongly pro-2nd amendment, and those who call themselves “constitutionalists”–are still considered a threat to this country by Gov. Nixon of Missouri and this organization, which is currently TRAINING POLICE TO SUSPECT THESE AMERICANS.
That should give all Americans pause. Serious pause. Whether or not you are a libertarian or supported Bob Barr or Ron Paul, you are now suspected of belonging to a MILITIA GROUP, if you are pro-2nd amendment, if you support the Constitution, if you fly an American flag.
When an American who strongly supports the Constitution, flies an American flag, and supports Ron Paul is considered an enemy of the state, we’re in serious trouble in this country. Political speech is protected under the First Amendment, yet this huge story has barely been acknowledged in mainstream media.
AP Story:
http://www.news-leader.com/article/20090315/NEWS01/903150363
Missouri news source:
http://www.news-leader.com/article/20090323/BLOGS09/90323048/-1/RSS13
http://www.infowars.com/missouri-apologizes-to-paul-barr-baldwin-over-miac-report/
When chairman Obama gets done it will be a crime punishable by death or imprisonment to support the Constitution.
I wonder if the franatic push to pass the GIVE Act, and to try to hide it amongst other community service organizations is a prelude of what is to come? This group of people would be at Obama’s beck and call. His personal Gestapo,so to speak. The economy is in a free fall. In this morning’s Yahoo News, the Czech Prime Minister, Mirek Topolanek, whose country holds (for now) the presidency of the EU says U.S. Plans to spend its way out of recession is “a way to hell”.
The G20 meeting on April 2nd should be very interesting. I have no confidence in any of our Treasury Officials, and ABSOLUTELY no confidence in Mr. Obama. Neither are really working for the American people. They are working for TPTB and each action they take convinces me more than ever that this financial collapse was a planned thing. It was a step needed to further the takeover of the many by a few.
Sorry – I meant FRANTIC push not franatic.
Is Edwin Vieira hostile to labor unions?
Here’s another great article about the FDR gold seizure: http://www.lewrockwell.com/anderson/anderson154.html
This is called theft.
I wish congress would talk to Obama like this.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=94lW6Y4tBXs
In 2005, Treasury officials warned that it’s not just gold and silver, but ANYTHING that could be considered a “financial instrument.”
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/gata/message/3276
In the unraveling of the Great Depression and lessons that can be learned there were a lot of mistakes made.
What I have said in the past was just repeated by Peter Schiff (Dr. Doom – who was the one Wall Street executive who predicted this credit meltdown as early as 2005 and was mocked for years).
In a free market economy recessions are a natural occurance. They are not created or fixed by Presidents. They are self correcting if government does not interfere. The more that government interferes the longer and deeper the recession and potential of a depression.
The government interventionist policies of Hoover and FDR took what should have been a severe recession and caused The Great Depression: from the protectionist trade policy of Hoover to the government interventionist policies (like the one you described) of FDR.
Obama/Pelosi/Reid are taking us quickly down a road very remniscent of FDR and for no reason other than fulfilling political promises to donors or, in the case, of Obama, fulfilling a socialist mission.
It took a lot of audacity on the part of Obama to say he was left with a trillion dollar deficit (which he fails to mention that he supported as a Senator) when he is intentionally tripling that deficit and lying to Americans that he will halve it. In the end these policies will take us into a spiral of steep inflation and continued recession.
“Roosevelt ordered all gold coins and gold certificates in denominations of more than $100 turned in for other money. It required all persons to deliver all gold coin, gold bullion and gold certificates owned by them to the Federal Reserve by May 1 for the set price of $20.67 per ounce.”
http://tinyurl.com/dew2n2
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FDR did not seize anyone’s jewelry or gold fillings or gold used for artistic works.
I don’t see anything about his seizing silver. Is there a reliable link other than to something written by Edwin Vieira?
Vieira’s depiction of FDR this way “following in the cloven hoofprints Roosevelt laid down during the 1930s” make him sound like some nut job right-wing extremist. Sorry, LD. This neo-con view of FDR as the devil is part of what got them into so much trouble in the first place. Trying to undo the New Deal including Social Security will not fly with the American people.
But take a look at the gold seizure, which was April, 1933, and the groundwork it laid for the manipulation of the economy. We can’t just look at the parts of the New Deal that appeal to our emotions. Regardless of Viera’s characterization of FDR, we must look at the entire chain of events to understand the whole.
I agree ritamary. When gold was part of the currency system it made sense to bring it into government hands under a fair price to try to strengthen the dollar, otherwise you would have two competing currencies – one of which could fluctuate wildly, damaging the dollar.
FDR was not the devil. I’m afraid this type of characterization brings into question the veracity of the other statements in this essay.
The wide price fluctuations are recent occurrences.
http://74.6.239.67/search/cache?ei=UTF-8&p=gold+prices+1850+to+present&y=Search&fr=yfp-t-501&u=www.nma.org/pdf/gold/his_gold_prices.pdf&w=gold+prices+1850+present+presents&d=LQwoP52uSc1y&icp=1&.intl=us
And from Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression#Gold_standard
On the last morning of Herbert Hoover’s presidency, Hoover said to his secretary, “We are at the end of our string; there is nothing more we can do.”
That was not at all FDR’s view of the situation – or of the possibilities for action to deal with the economic crisis.
On the day FDR was first inaugurated as president (in March 1933), the Great Depression had already been raging for a few years; 13,000 of the nation’s 25,000 banks had closed their doors and depositors could not get their money. In 32 states, ALL of the banks had closed sine die; stocks had lost 80%-90% of their value; and there was 25% to 30% unemployment, not even counting women who were not considered part of the workforce. Millions were homeless; many had lost their homes and were moving in with relatives and friends. One third of the nation was destitute
FDR rolled up his sleeves, called Congress back into session and — within 100 days — created and got Congress to pass FIFTEEN MAJOR pieces of legislation.
15 pieces of major legislation that committed the most massive government intervention into the private sector in modern times. Many of those ideas were inspired by leftists after visiting Stalin’s Russia.
While some leglislation was successful and will with us today, there were acts that severely punished and killed small businesses and were obstacles to economic growth.
FDR’s New Deal never was a cure for The Great Depression and only had a modest effect on the horrific unemployment because it focused everything on government jobs and took away jobs from the private sector.
The only event that brought us out ofthe Great Depression was World War II.
Yes, they certainly did not let a good crisis go to waste.
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When F.D.R. took office in 1933, one third of the nation was unemployed. Agriculture was destitute [farm income had declined by 60 percent], factories were idle [many operating at 15-20% of capacity], businesses were closing their doors, and the banking system teetered on the brink of collapse. Violence lay just beneath the surface.
http://tinyurl.com/ad8y22
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The Depression was one of the most devastating agricultural disasters in American history, and American farmers suffered terribly. In 1934 more than 30 percent of all Americans still lived on farms…. But a combination of natural disasters and human miscalculations devastated American farming in the 1930s. The decade opened with a series of natural catastrophes: in 1930 hail destroyed wheat crops, and 1932 to 1935 were years of unrelenting drought. This, combined with plummeting agricultural prices, ruined countless farm families.
http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3468301232.html
Lightacandle-
Thank you for that information.
My family came through the depression because they were farmers. You reference 30% who could be somewhat self-sustaining.
With our increased population, and far more concentration in urban areas, it would be far more difficult for this society to hold together now, in my opinion.
I guess most Americans thought FDR was doing good things for them; when he ran for a second term in 1936, he won by the 2nd highest percentage in American history.
Even though President Franklin D. Roosevelt broke with tradition and ran for four terms — battling the worst Depression this nation has ever seen plus having to wage war on two fronts (against Germany and Japan) — FDR always won by a larger percentage of the popular vote than Obama just did, even though Obama spent $600 million in his campaign.
Here’s the rundown on the popular vote for FDR:
1932 — 57.41 %
1936 (after four years of the New Deal) — 60.80% — (the second highest percentage in America history)
1940 — 54.74 %
1944 (even when FDR was already a dying man, the American people still elected him) — 53.39 %
= = = = = = = = =
Obama’s $600 million bought him only 52.87 % of the vote, even though his opponent, John McCain, had only $84 million to spend.
FDR won because he was giving out government money that the government did not have in order to get favor with th masses and have them believe that they would have a chicken in every pot. What they did not know was that there was another way that would have drastically increased employment and lessoned the effect of the Great Depression.
Obama is doing the same as FDR and it will be at the expense of all of us.
It was the Republicans, in 1928, who promised “a chicken in every pot” — not FDR who promised it.
Do some reading before you make any more pronouncements about FDR, okay?
I didn’t put quotations marks around it and didn’t say he said he – but he did it.
There is NOTHING about what Obama is doing that bears any resemblance to what FDR did.
You are right. It is worse than FDR. At least FDR had a reason and the U.S. had no prior experience and learning to fall back on. In FDR’s case it was the need to fix a crisis. In Obama’s case it is to create a crisis situation and in the name of fixing it is plunging the U.S. in a socialist economic state.
Obama and company are forcing government intervention into private enterprise, trying to take control of all financial systems, and is now trying to commit the most massive shift wealth in history through his budget and his effort to drastically change the tax code. He is trying to nationalize healthcare, education, as well as energy. Where in here is private enterprise? He is playing a shell game and deceiving all of us.
President Herbert Hoover said that in the long run the Depression would cure itself.
To which FDR responded that people don’t eat in “the long run; they eat three times a day.”
The GREAT CRASH of the stock market occurred in 1929 when Hoover was president; the GREAT Depression went on for THREE years before FDR became president in March 1933.
Things had just gotten worse and worse and worse during those three years of the Hoover presidency.
FDR gave people jobs, food, and a sense of dignity and security — they had a president who cared about them and about helping them.
I regret we are seeing rightwing revisionist drivel here on what I thought was NOT a rightwing bulletin board.
What you articulated is the old urban myth we were all taught in grade school about the Great Depression: Hoover caused it and the New Deal cured it.
It is a flat out myth and has been disproved over and over again. It is only perpetuated by left wing revisionists who like to tweek numbers and make their guy a hero. Folklore is not fact.
FDR was not successful with most of the New Deal and the only thing that brought us out was World War II.
I would suggest a course in basic economics to learn about the business cycle and why recessions are a naturally recurring event that will self correct. They are not created or cured by Presidents, but can be made longer and worse by unecessary intevention.
What recessions do is expose systemic problems that are largely ignored during booming economies and only addressed in times of recession – and every recession exposes one or more.
The credit crisis is a very long term systemic problem brought on by government intervention beginning in the late 1970’s based on some good intentions but resulting in unintended consequences.
I know just as much about FDR and The Great Depression as you do, bub, so keep your haughty nonsense to yourself.
Obviously not.
What is curious is why you bring your rightwing revisionist baloney to a bulletin board that is NOT a rightwing board.
There is a difference between ideological baloney which is what you stated and facts. Obama is using the ideological myths about FDR to promote his radical agenda.
You call it revisionist, many call it a reasonable correction.
If you are able to strip away fawning FDR sentiment, eliminate urban myth, and view the Great Depression through the objective lens that detailed historic research provides, then it becomes clear that much of what FDR did was ineffectual, and quite often harmful. 0bama is currently trying to push through some of the same policies that an objective view of history has shown will fail or be destructive. Unfortunately, the general ignorance this country has regarding history is one of the principle reasons we have 0bama as P0TUS in the first place.
We also have the Fraud because of these “party” rants by people who are incorrect in the first place. Like claiming Bush caused Fannie and Freddie – ROFLMAO. When people get out of the meme that anyone who isn’t a bat crap crazy liberal, hell bent on trashing America, is a dirty Republican, then we might get somewhere.
Hitler had the Jews as scapegoats, the cause of all evil, and an easy target for focused hatred. They were blamed for all of societies ills. 0bama has Republicans.
By 2010 I bet America wants to crucify the entire Demoncrap party that handed us the Fraud, screwed Hillary, and turned America into a Banana Republic.
It could be sooner than 2010. It’s apparently happening right now with the moderate dems coming out in opposition to the Obama WH.
You are right Buzz. Even my lunatic libbie friends are changing their tune. Change is coming all right. Away from the commie thieves.
You know, it’s not really about right-wing, left-wing, Republican or Democrat. It’s about policies that either work or do not work. Isn’t that what we are trying to figure out here?
Hoover made mistakes. Part of FDR’s problem is that he made several of the same mistakes and some of his own and it all added up to extending the Depression.
(This is from William Anderson’s article: http://www.lewrockwell.com/anderson/anderson154.html )
FDR tried to artificially increase aggregate demand by trying to force prices up. This is all based on Keynesian economic theory which has so many holes it does not hold water. (I cannot wrap my head around why people think the cart should go in front of the horse, metaphorically speaking. It works way better with the horse pulling the cart behind him!)
The gold confiscation was a way to allow inflation to take hold.
I agree, lightacandle. This whole revisionist history complete with devil comparisons, and attracting right wing rants belongs somewhere else.
The one certainty that I have about FDR is that he was revered by my older family members and friends.
They were from both political parties, but they agreed that FDR brought this country through a very dangerous time, much like Lincoln.
They did not have instant communication, and may not have had access to information of today, but they trusted the man to stand for and with them!
This is one thing that is so fascinating about FDR and the Obama phenomenon we are dealing with today. FDR was a very sympathetic man. People understood he cared about them. But when policies end up doing more harm than good it is difficult for people to admit their revered leader made a mistake.
Here’s another example: you know how Rahm Emmanuel said ‘never let a crisis go to waste’? There was (and still is) a rightfully indignant reaction to that. How dare he look on crisis and misfortune as a political advantage? You know what? Hillary said it, too, about a month ago. There was nary a peep on this and other pro-Hill blogs because we cannot reconcile our deep admiration and respect of her with that kind of political gaming.
Obama is a personality, a race, an idea: a representation of what a great America should be to the people who admire him. The stronger their emotion, the stronger their refusal to objectively analyize his actions.
FDR has an enduring aura of saving the common man. He was not a friend of small businesses and thus the business=republicans and civil servant=democrats thinking took hold.
There are a myriad of reasons in time that events play out.
The rightwing revisionist goons here will never give up, but I wish they would stop tarring FDR’s legacy with Obama junk. There is NOTHING Obama is doing that resembles anything FDR did. FDR never gave billion dollar bailouts to Wall Street critters and crooks. FDR helped the ordinary Americans, NOT the rich ones.
FDR owed The Big Money Boys NOTHING; they did not help to elect him — but they did help to elect Obama with massive infusions of corporate money into Obama’s campaign.
I guess the favorite president of the rightwing revisionists here would be Calvin Coolidge or Warren Harding.
The point is these rightwing revisionist goons actually don’t know anything but are very determined to spread their drivel.